Yes, you can use the cable to connect the Meta Quest 3 to your PC and play PC VR games, provided your PC fulfils the system requirements. The cable supports USB 3.2 Gen 2, which enables high data transfer speed, and has a length of 1 metre, which is suitable for a wired connection. The 60 W output is sufficient to power the headset during gaming.
However, for an optimal VR experience, Meta recommends a high-quality USB-C cable with high data transfer, ideally the official Oculus Link cable or a comparable cable that supports USB 3.0 or higher. Your cable fulfils this requirement with USB 3.2 Gen 2, so it is technically suitable. Note that Meta recommends a cable length of at least 3 metres for the best experience, your cable is shorter at 1 metre, which may restrict freedom of movement.
It is also important that your PC meets the recommended system requirements for Meta Quest Link (e.g. Intel i5-4590/AMD Ryzen 5 1500X or better, up-to-date graphics drivers) and that the Oculus PC software is installed to establish the connection and use PC VR content.
MicroConnect's USB Type-C to USB-A cable is not directly compatible with the iPhone 15, as it uses a USB-A connection, whereas the iPhone 15 uses a USB-C port. To connect an iPhone 15, you would need a USB-C to USB-C cable or an appropriate adapter.